Sport

One of the key contributors to the development of surfing culture is Tom Blake. He started surfing when he was young and continued with that sport until old age. At the age of twenty, he set a world swimming record at the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) after winning the ten-mile contest. In 1922, Blake was working in the movies because he had water talents and thus built the first trail rest of surfing pack which he later capitalized on. Blake first surfed on a redwood plank he acquired when he was a life guard at Santa Monica Swimming Club but it was too heavy and cumbersome.

In 1926, Blake made his own surf board which he, together with Sam Reid, used to pioneer surfing at Malibu point. In the same year, he made hollow surf boards which marked an advancement from the Pakis boards. Tom Blake clinched the winning title in the 1928 Pacific Coast surfing championships with his board of olo replica. In that same year, he devised a hollow paddle board which he used as a turning tool.

Moreover, Tom Blake made a chambered sail board in 1929. It was a hollow board which was of chambered-type. The board was known as cigar board because it resembled a giant cigar. Due to his increasing innovation techniques of making surfboards and paddleboards, Tom Blake invented water-proof housings to be used by cameras in water photography

He manufactured and patented his initial production in 1931. He also invented the surfboard in 1935. Additionally, Tom Blake was the first to publish a book devoted solely to surfing - the Hawaiian Surfboard, in 1935. In 1937, he patented and produced the first rescue ring and torpedo buoy made of dua-aluminum. Blake thus contributed a lot to the surfing culture.

I totally support Alan Atkins views because Surfing is really an exciting sport that facilitates both entertainment and exercise. As people surf, they enjoy playing with water waves as well as stretching the muscle of their hands. One can enjoy surfing especially when it is hot to make ones body feel good.

Surfing is also interesting because one can compete for any award and once they win, they can earn a lot of money. This can be a good motivating factor. Surfing with ones friends is interesting and enjoyable as one competes regarding who can surf faster as well as exchange techniques of surfing and thus enjoy time together.

Knowing how to surf is very important and interesting incase of water accidents, one can be on the safe side or even save others who could be in danger. Surfing is very interesting because as one competes, they can find several fans who boost ones the morale to win. Surfing is interesting as one can experience several totally new places after going for competition or as they surf for adventure. Surfing is interesting especially when one surfs with people they never knew before and challenges or is challenged by them.

Surfing is also interesting as one can surf using any implement be it surf a board, sail board, paddle board or whichever other  tool one may want to use. Surfing is interesting especially when one overcomes an ocean wave they had never beefier come across one you can derive untold enjoyment. Surfing on the sea is interesting as one can travel a long distance the way one likes and even enjoy the sea waves as well as the cool or warm breezes of the sea.

In conclusion, surfing enables people to recreate themselves, do exercises, make new friends, tour new areas, as well as exchange ideas. It is thus a truly interesting sporting activity.

Introduction
The purpose of our campaign is to make the fundraising plan  in order  to support a sports organizations cause.We need to ensure that all misconducts are investigated as there is much violence  and some facilities provided .The fundraising plan is the variety of plans and strategies to be used.The one absolute is ASK and KNOW  what we are asking for.The written fundraising plan will help ouganize our ask.Our activities in the campaign called PLAY HAPPILY included writing letters,education,writing to national and local press about it,meeting with local officials,attending local community.. .We managed to raise some money in the past thanks to these initiatives.There were charities which supported the cause,but the money is never enough.Our fundrising plan included  application to the governmental agencies,charities or some other organizations.

Case statement
The research has clearly demonstrated that  the problem of vandalism at sports events has been increasing during the last three years.Furthermore,there is a lack of facilities and leisure activities in the area and young people have nothing to do.A donor may view this as a grave issue and may speak out publically against violence .For all these reasons,he may be willing to donate some money to our campaign.Money should be set aside to provide leisure activities.Our campaign will put much effort to deal with this problem.

SWOT ANALYSIS
When starting the campaign,we needed to take into consideration SWOT .It is a planning method used to evaluate Strength,weaknesses,opportunities and threats involved in the project .It identifies internal and external factors that are favorable or unfavorable.Strengths are attributes that are helpful,weaknesses attributes that are harmful for the campaign.These are environmental factors internal to the campaign.Oppurtunities are conditions that are helpful,threats conditions that may do damage to the campaign.These are external factors.Swot analysis helped us to focus our upcoming direct mail campaign by reminding our organization of the stregth it has,ensuring we were aware of any weaknesses and gaps,looking at the oppurtunities,emphasising any threats our organizationn migt face with.It provided information that is helpful in matching the campaigns resources r capabilities.It is an extremely good way for understanding and decision-making for all sorts of business.Our most important strengths are the size of the campaign and its reputation.We have also had many successes and increased public awareness of the importance of the problem in our society.

However,we had to face with some weaknesses.We had a tight budget and had to work carefully within it which was not easy.We had to find better strategies to communicate with our current audiance.However,there were many opportunities as well,such as,a list of  new or  growing population,wider geographical areas we could target.We had also to identify some threats such as a similar organisation active in the area,a new set of rules that could affect the effectiveness of our campaign,weather.All these threats were not in our control,thus,they are not real.
 
What makes SWOT particularly powerful is that, with a little thought, it can help you uncover opportunities that you are well placed to exploit. And by understanding the weaknesses of your business, you can manage and eliminate threats that would otherwise catch you unawares.(www.mindtools.com)
 
Organizational development
Our leadership have a long history in raising funds.They were able to cope with changes,made effort to increase organisatrion effectiveness,developped new and creative organisational solutions,helped other members of the organisation to gain the skills necessary to solve the problems.Our president is a strong leader willing to contribute to our campaign and highly motivated.He is objective and able to deal with any unconfortable issues that may occur.However,he should be even more active,look for some new strategies,meet on regular basis with other members.There are people positioned to open  funding doors.They are honest and constructive.The committee is large enough and it is possible that individuals from different parts of the organization meet regularly to discuss developments,talk about future options etc.The commettee is given the power to make decisions,spend money or take actions.


Funding history
Receiving money from governement or other sources is one of the most important activities when it comes to non profit organizations.They request money from individuals,charitable foundations,business,governmental agencies.We also requested money from these organisations.

The campaign took advantages of the service of professionals fundraisers and engaged fundraisers who were paid a percentage of the funds they raise.Some religious groups as fundraisers were also very important.Policitical campaigns played also a major   role in raising money .However,numerous political campaign finance has become a controversial topic.

In addition,grant money was being offered by governmental agencies or charitable organizations which benefitted our campaign.Another ways to raise money were some kind of special events like formal dinners or similar events .Money has also been  generated by selling a product which is called product fundraising.Sometimes cookies or other things are being sold to generate  money.This way is very popular as everyone loves the tastes of cookies and is willing to enjoy all favorite flavors straight from the oven.Furtheremore,we used online fundraising,raising money by paypal clicking..We also used fundraising scratch card that works as donator and the amount revealed is the  donation we requested from them.

Scratch card-90profit fundraiser,thats easy and quick with less hassle(www.justfundraising.com)
It has been a pleasure working with you. I would highly recommend your company to anyone who is fundraising for the first time. Your employees have been very informative and pleasant.Susan,Border Blades, Grand Forks, ND Thank you Thank you We (First Holiness Church) appreciate you God BlessBobby
However, donations have been decreasing in the last three years due to the lack of fundraisers.
   
Funding opportunities
To be successful in fundraising,it is important to raise funds in the right location.Selling raffle tickets or having a tombola is one of the most significant   ways and doesnt require too much effort.It is possible to arrange this with the event organizer.Games stall  prove to be very successful as well.Furthermore,going door to door collecting has becoming more and more popular and we sometimes used this way.As they cover many areas,we would be likely to find the supporters.However,there are some disadvantages of door to door collecting,and one should consider potential risks as well.We are looking at all these oppurtunities.

Small local charities and voluntary organisations around the UK have been particularly hard hit by the recession, according to asurvey of 500organisations.(www.fundraising.co.uk)

Our goal is to achieve positive reforms and to ensure that all  reports of vandalism are investigated.It would have a great impact to the community.People will feel safe.

All this would have a great impact to the organization.
 
We have also some equipment needs.For example,cameras should be set up which would identify the vandals.We need to provide some facilities as well.The dolar amount may vary.

FundingMarketingPromotional strategies
We need a campaign strategy in order to provide space for the sporst organizations cause.An important part of planning is resource allocation.This is the way finance,people and assets are going to be used to achieve a particular objective.The campaigns senior executives make strategic decisions.The research is being carried out in order to identify the funding sources.This tasks includesmeeting with the people in the community,reading daily newspaper.We need to make sure that  funding oppurtunities are well known.For all these reasons,there should be confidence in the organization.We hope that this guide will help us plan our activities accordingly
-radio talk interview
-writing letters or mails
-giving out brochures
-television interviews
-public announcements
-periodic meetings with newspaper editors
-writing to national press
-telling friends,anti-violence programme,social justice and other organizations about the campaign
-special events
-meeting local officials
-attending local community board meetings and raising the issues
-periodic meetings with newspaper editorial boards

Structure of the fundraising strategy
The structure of the fundraising strategy includes a 12-month timeline of duties.The following details are includedhow many events the campaign has hosted,which grant requests are due on which date,how often and when telephone calls and meetings have been scheduled with donors.etc.Fundraising commetee has been established which reported lines on the board.All three meetings were held and the commetee reported duties to be completed each month.

Conclusion
This is just a rough idea of what we could do.We hope that we will find funding sources that will support the cause and that we are going to raise more money.

This study is designed to gather data regarding donor giving patterns to a large government university with respect to athletic donation patterns and academic donation patters.  The sample population includes donors to the University of Oregon from 1994-2002.  Three research questions are presented.  The first question seeks to determine the source of donations regarding athletic donations and academic donations.  The study finds that alumni tend to prefer giving to academic programs whereas non-alumni tend to prefer giving to athletic programs.  This data is not absolute, there is some overlap in giving patterns, and the Identity Salience Model of Nonprofit Relationship Marketing Success states that these donation patterns depend on the type of university involved.  The second research question seeks to determine whether athletic success functions to increase charitable donations.  The study finds that non-alumni donations increase as a result of athletic success but that alumni donations remain essentially neutral.  The final research question seeks to determine whether an increase in donations to athletic programs functions to create a corresponding decrease in donations to academic programs.  This study finds such a correlation, particularly with respect to non-alumni donation habits and patterns.  Overall, this study provides data for future research but is limited in that it is a large public university and not an elite academic university.

Part 1  Article Identification
Jeffrey L. Stinson and Dennis R. Howard in their 2004 article Scoreboards v. Mortarboards  Major Donor Behavior and Intercollegiate Athletics, published by the Spot Marketing Quarterly, sought to examine a number of questions pertaining to charitable giving to a major university.  The authors, one a doctoral candidate and the other a professor at the University of Oregon, approached these questions from a theoretical perspective derived from marketing generally and applied it through empirical analyses to a university sports context.  Specifically, the authors used data from their own university to test a number of research questions for which they argue the existing academic literature is either incomplete or contradictory in several respects one of the main goals of the article, in addition to securing and analyzing empirical data for purposes of attempting to answer the posited research questions, was to create an empirical foundation so that future researchers would be able to formulate research questions with more precision relying on the data derived from this study.

Part 2  Summary (Substantive Points and Methodology)
Contextually, this study was motivated by several facts, trends, and concerns related to charitable giving to universities more particularly, it is well-established that charitable contributions to athletic departments at Division IA schools have more than doubled over the past decade (Howard  Stinson, 2004, p. 129).  University athletic departments at these classes of universities have as a consequence increased fundraising efforts and also begun to depend to a far greater extant on donations than has been true in the past.  This trend has also raised fears that charitable giving to academic programs may suffer and to academic questions relating to the nuances of charitable giving in terms of actual facts, motivations, and impacts.  In order to contribute to resolving these facts, the authors engaged in an empirical study involving charitable donations made at the University of Oregon between 1994 and 2002.  Three main research questions were formulated, tested empirically and discussed.  The first research question examined charitable giving by alumni and non-alumni in order to determine donor behavioral patterns with respect to athletic giving and academic giving because the existing data is contradictory in certain respects.  The research found that both donor classes gave to athletic and academic programs, but that this giving varied to the extant that alumni made more substantial gifts to academics whereas non-alumni (such as boosters and sports fans) made more substantial gifts to athletics.  The second main question sought to determine whether and to what extant athletic success functions to increase charitable donations.  Here, the authors found that athletic success most significantly impacted donations by non-alumni whereas it was much more neutral with regard to alumni donations.  The final research question sought to determine whether an increased level of athletic donations necessarily resulted in a decreased level of academic donations the study found strong support for the assumption that giving to athletics undermines giving to academics, particularly for nonalumni (Howard  Stinson, 2004, p. 136).  This finding was incremental rather than sudden and implies a potential negative impact for increased athletic donations and the authors suggest further and broader research into this potential empirical phenomenon.

Part 3  Critique (Strengths and Weaknesses)
It is important to acknowledge, in the final analysis, that the authors concede several of their studys limitations.  The most significant limitation is the fact that only one major university was included in the empirical population.  The University of Oregon is not especially known as an academic powerhouse, it is not located in a major commercial center, and geographically it is on the fringe of the American continent.  It is therefore reasonable to suggest that the University of Oregon is not necessarily representative of alumni and non-alumni behavior at other universities with different geographical influences and academic strengths and weaknesses.  This, however, leads to one of the more interesting features of the article.  More specifically, the authors incorporate a marketing perspective into the articles structural design, The Identity Salience Model of Nonprofit Relationship Marketing Success, and this perspective provides persuasive logic regarding how alumni and non-alumni perceive their individual relationship with a particular university.  It is reasonable, for example, to see how alumni from an academic powerhouse such as a Columbia or Cornell (athletically-challenged institutions to be sure) might focus on an academic identity to the exclusion of athletic considerations.  These questions are effectively a question of focus to the extant that policy makers and administrators are concerned about athletic donations undermining academic contributions at major public universities as opposed to elite Ivy League institutions, for instance, the marketing perspective is valuable.  A major weakness, which is not directly discussed, is the extant and nature of indirect donations that are frequently hidden and unethical pursuant to intercollegiate ethics rules.  The study is too narrow to the extant that it assumes a transparent type of donation scheme to athletic programs.  The authors should have incorporated some qualitative perspectives in this regard rather than assuming an empirical model which ignores much donor giving in the intercollegiate context.   In sum, this article is worth to the extant that it discusses questions which remain unresolved in an empirical sense and to the extant that it provides some preliminary empirical evince for future researchers to build upon while ignoring the dark underbelly of donor giving to athletic programs and individuals in the intercollegiate context.

Football is organized and governed by Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) cricket is governed by the International Cricket Council (ICC) while basketball is run by the Federation Internationale de Basketball (FIBA). These regulatory bodies should introduce rules that limit the number of players that can be transferred within a certain period of time. This will go a long way in ensuring that clubs do not overspend on players ignoring other important issues that need good financing. An example is in the NBA during the period preceding the recession. Many clubs overspent on transfer of players and thus had to cut down on other important issues like coach and player bonuses.

The regulatory bodies should introduce fair prices within which players can be transferred. FIFA should limit the amount of money that can be spent on a single player. This would reduce pressure on clubs to spend lots of money to acquire players. The cases that arise due to club misconduct leading to hefty fines should be controlled by code of conduct drawn by the governing bodies. Marketing done by big firms that sponsor some clubs should also be limited as some firms benefit so much at the expense of the game. For instance, when Arsenal FC built its new stadium, The Emirates, it was left with loans of up to 460million. This has limited the clubs ability to buy more players as such leading to a comparatively dismal performance by the club.

Colleges should also create schedules that do not conflict with academic programs. Currently, the college sports seasons run concurrently with the academic programs. This reduces the focus and funding on sports. This move will give the college sports programs time to benefit from both academics and sports. The other sports governing bodies should also ensure that clubs have good funding before being allowed into any league. Most sports clubs in Africa and Asia can do better if well funded. Equitable distribution of funding will as such see these clubs achieve their goals and not vanish into oblivion as it is the case right now.

Parametric Tests are based on the assumption that the population data follows a particular Probability distribution and satisfy certain properties or assumptions. The Emphasis in parametric test lies in estimating the population parameters using statistics calculated from the sample, where as Non Parametric tests does not have any assumptions regarding the data and are very much handful when the data is ordinal. Both these tests are used widely in sports research, Researchers make a selection of these tests as per the data and arrive at conclusions.

Parametric Tests

Parametric tests are based on certain assumptions.

They are based on the assumption that the data follows a particular probability distribution.
These tests are called as Parametric as most of the assumptions are regarding the parameters of the population.

Parameter Any measure computed for the entire population is called a parameter.

Ex Population means, Population variance etc.

Statistics Any measure computed for the Sample is called as a statistic.

Ex Sample means, Sample Variance.

These tests assume that if the data set satisfies a set of assumptions, then the result will be accurate.

For example t  test and ANOVA need to satisfy the assumptions that the data is Normal  the observations are independent etc.

These tests yield accurate results and are effective as long as the underlying assumptions are satisfied, but fail when the data is not normal, especially in cases where the data is ordinal, i.e in terms of ranking rather than scores.

Non Parametric Tests

When the data is ordinal (ranks) rather than scores, we have a range of tests which can be effectively used Known as Non Parametric tests or Distribution free tests.

These are so called because they do not depend on any on the parametric assumptions.

These are very widely used when the data is not quantitative.

Though there are numerous advantages of the Non Parametric tests, there are few disadvantages too.

The following are some of the Non Parametric Tests

Sign Test The sign test can be used with paired data to test the hypothesis that differences are equally likely to be positive or negative.

For Example the Coach of national Volley ball team wants his team to get trained in a new fitness program for two months, after the training program the coach wants to test whether the performance of the players increased with the new fitness program when compared with the fitness prior to the Program, He can use the Sign test.

Median Test The median test is used to test whether two samples are drawn from populations with the same median.

Run test Used to test whether the data is random.

If we take the number of Goals scored by a particular Foot Ball team in the last 10 matches then by using the nonparametric tests we can test whether the team is getting goals consistently or just randomly.

Rank test Used to test the data which contains Ranks.

Mann-Whitney U test Used to test whether the two independent samples are equal, it is also alternative to independent   t-test when the data is non parametric.

In Medical research if we want to test the efficiency of a new drug on Youngsters and Middle aged persons, we can test whether the drug works equally with the two age groups.

Also in Sports research we can test whether a particular training program yields equal results for players belonging to two different sub continents, as their fitness, food habits, climate etc..Varies largely.

Wilcoxon rank-sum test, one of the significant Non parametric test .

Wilcoxon matched pairs signed-rank test it Provides an alternative for students t  test for matched paired data when the data is not normal. We can test the significant difference between the pretest and post test scores for a group of athletics.

When the data is ordinal and you want to find out if there is any significant difference between the two scores of the same individual we can use Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test.

Spearman rank correlation coefficient

The most efficient way to find out whether the variables or attributes are correlated when the data is qualitative. Also for finding relationships between groups we can use spearmans rank correlation.

Other important tests are Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance by ranks and  Friedman  Two way analysis of variance.

Chi square test is also a NP test for non parametric nominal data.(sports vary as per gender)
Chi square test is used to assess the significance of the discrepancy between results that were actually achieved and the results excepted.

David Hunter (1998) once wrote, football is there for life. It never goes stale. (p.37). In a sport as lasting as football, every member of the team must strive to perform at his best, all the time.

Like any other sport, every team member plays a crucial part in the game. The goalkeeper, for instance, must be well skilled and carefully trained for they are in the forefront of the offense and the final straw in the teams defense (Benjamin, 2007).

The following 8-week training scheme will help the goalie increase his efficacy in the teamwhich will definitely provide a better statistic result for himself and the team as well.

The Game Plan
According to Jeff Benjamin (2007), there is a proper way of teaching goalkeeping techniques footwork, catching, and proper positioning. Teaching them in that order is necessary to build proper foundation in the later and more advanced training.

In a lecture that he gave for the South Dakota Soccer Team, goalkeeper turned soccer coach Brian Pitts (2008) told his students that there are a couple of techniques that one must have and develop fully to be able to be an effective goalie. His points mostly revolved on the types of attacking distribution, attacking ideas, defense during the play, setting-up of plays, and other defensive considerations.

Aside from the physical training that the goalkeeper must endure, he must also undergo some psychological training to prepare him to be an effective decision maker, especially on that crucial split-second decision making (Benjamin, 2007).

The Rough Play
For the 8-week duration of this training, we will be distribute the four areasfitness, technical, tactical, and psychological in a two-week interval, respectively. As the weeks go by, lessons from the previous week shall be inculcated with the additional training program. Say for example, before beginning with the technical training on the start of the third week, fitness drills will be performed first. Then so on, and so forth until the day of the last week, which is the culmination game wherein everything that is taught must be applied in the game.

Fit for a goalie. Fitness training should be first in line because to be able to function properly as a goalkeeper, one must be physically fit to the demands of the role. A good set of warm-up and footwork exercises are crucial for the preparation of a goalkeeper.

Rhythm is one of the vital things that a goalkeeper must learn. We can inculcate this through doing continuous warm-up exercises that promote thatjogging with various movements. Do it in variation forward, lateral, backward and varying directions (Thomas, 2006, p.10). Of course, like in any other sport, stretching, flexibility, and mobility drills are fundamental as well. As for the goalkeeper, focus should be on shoulders, trunk, lower back, groins, hamstrings and calves (Thomas, 2006, p.10). Another thing that would promote good rhythm in a goalie is footwork.

As part of the warm-up exercise, we can use the drill made by Martin Thomas for Middlesex County. Image 1 on the left illustrates how basic footwork drills should be done. The focus of this exercise lies on the goalkeepers balance, coordination, rhythm, tempo, and shape (2006, p.10).

Act like one. To be a good and effective goalkeeper, one must be able to act like one. If the goalkeeper feels comfortable and has a good and consistent handling of the ball then it is not a problem (Thomas, 2006, p.2). For the purpose of this training, basic positioning and stance are to be taught.

We will be adapting a couple more of Middlesex Coaching and Managers Associations goalkeeping practices for this part. As per Coach Thomas, first to establish is the Set Position. Frequent difficulties encountered with this stance are as follows goalkeepers starting position vis--vis to the ball, movement towards the line of the ball, and the initial assessment on which technique is most effective for the situation (p.2). To prevent those difficulties from affecting the game, the main idea is that the goalkeeper must be able feel at ease. Distance of feet from each other should approximately be shoulder width apart for a balanced position, most of the weight should be on the front half of the feet and body weight geared slightly forward elbows must be narrow with and chest is facing the ball while hands must be ball width apart and should be located in front of the bodyline lastly, head should be kept still (p.2).

Another useful method according to Thomas (2006) is the Cup Technique. Basically, this move is concerned on the goalkeepers ability to secure the ball when he catches it, thus cupping with the use of his hands and body. Key pointers for this move are that the goal keeper must keep his chest square and the hands must be in front of the bodyline. Elbows should be tucked in with palms facing up. Dont forget to spread the fingers. The midriff should be the part of the body thats going to take the impact of the ball (p.4).

Image 2 portrays the Up-Down Agility and Diving drill which workouts the capability of the keeper to catch and run for the ball. This drill is one of the basic moves that one must be able to practice and execute well.

Antic for tactics. The goalkeeper is not just responsible for the defensive play of the team but also with the communication of every member in the field. Four important key words for this part are loud, clear, calm, and concise (Thomas, 2006, p.9).

Also, the goalie is the one responsible for the traffic of the team inside the playing field. Keepers also play the second coach out on the field (Benjamin, 2003). The two basic call outs for the goalie are away and keeper. The first one is a tell-sign that the goalkeeper is recovering to defend the goal and the command tells the defenders to go to their pushing out positions. The second call out, on the other hand, tells that his route should be quickest and shortest route to score. The key here is timing and proper angle (Thomas, 2006, p.9).

Think as you walk. As Jeff Benjamin (2003) wrote, the position of the goalkeeper is one of the most psychologically demanding on the fieldyou cant be stupid and play goal, but perhaps you must be a little crazy. Its not all about pressure on trying to do well in every game, but also having fun. One can truly enjoy his post, on whatever game he may be in, if he loves what he is doing. Finding the perfect position for you in a team is not that easy. You must be able to think like one to be able to act like one.

As for everything else, perfection comes after continuous repetition. Doing it right every time is what separates a good goalkeeper from a great one (Benjamin, 2003).

The Goalie Scores
After the eight-week goalkeeper training, the trainee is expected to increase his over-all performance statistics. Aside from that, the keeper should be able to exhibit a huge improvement on his personality in the field. Because he is now knowledgeable of his duties and roles in the court, he is now likely to be keener in every move that he commit.

In addition to the drills mentioned above, further exercises can be included in the regular routine so as to continuously develop the skills of the goalkeeper.

Handling corners and dealing with crosses are perhaps one of those techniques that the keeper must be keen on. Moving on an advanced level for this drill will ensure that the keeper will be able to practice his assessment decision, communication skills, timing of take off, and of course, catch-punch skills (Thomas, 2006, p.17). Increasing the repetitions for this exercise will also help the keeper improve.

Another consideration that one might want to take is the goalkeepers way of communicating with the rest of the team. As mentioned earlier, the keeper is not just the defender on that post, but he is also the second coach on the field. With that in mind, interactive drills involving the rest of the team must also be done.

This 6v6 plus goalkeeper drill aims to utilize the accuracy of the keepers throwing and kicking technique. His communication and transition skills are also to be measured here.

For the goalkeeper to be able to prove effective and reliable, he must be able to put not only in his actions, but in his mind as well that the game depends on how he performs and enjoy his role in the team.